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Amino acid
Proteins are made of large numbers of small building blocks, the amino acids. In proteins 20 amino acids can be found, which are chemically
characterized by the structure RCH(NH2)COOH. The nitrogen (N) and two hydrogen (H) atoms comprise the amino group, -NH2, and the acid
entity is the carboxyl group, -COOH. The R- group is the side chain, which determines the actual amino acid. Only one amino acid, proline, has
a slightly different structure, see the table below.
Amino acids link to each when the carboxyl group of one molecule
reacts with the amino group of another molecule, creating a peptide
bond -C(=O) NH- and releasing a molecule of water (H2O).
A peptide is a compound consisting of 2 or more amino acids.
Oligopeptides have 10 or fewer amino acids. Polypeptides and
proteins are chains of 10 or more amino acids,
but peptides consisting of more than
50 amino acids are classified as proteins.
Amino acids are the building blocks of all proteins in our
foods and in our body. Twenty different amino acids
can be found in protein, see also here.
Amino acids are the basic structural building units of proteins.
They form short polymer chains called peptides or longer chains
called either polypeptides or proteins
Anti oxidant
An antioxidant (anti-oxidant) is a compound that neutralises oxygen or oxygen derivatives. Oxygen causes loss of quality in foods, such as
rancidity, loss of colour and taste. The most widely used antioxidant is ascorbic acid. As it is a class of additives, the individual products should
be labelled by name and/or E-number
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